This paper was written on the structure of INFLECTION PHRASE (IP) in Persian. In the Framework of X’-Theory. IP is the unit of syntax analysis of language. In other words, every sentence is an IP. In Persian TP, MP, AspP and VP are the complements of I, T, Mood and Asp.During the INFLECTION process, the head V cyclicly moves to the above mentioned head to accept the national content of aspect, modality, tense and subject agreement.The markers stand for these notional categories are of auxiliaries, affixes or clitics.In Persian, the only auxiliary verb is “budan” (in three forms: “ast”, “bud” and “bash”) which is appeared in the node of INFLECTION. The other INFLECTIONal markers are tense, mode and subject agreement markers. Finally, we have analysed Persian INFLECTION PHRASE on the basis of x-bar theory. Consequently, some key points and hints are proposed on Persian future tense, continuous aspect and passive voice.

This paper deals with the movement of subject in Persian sentences. In the traditional model of X bar syntax, sentence is considered as a maximal projection of INFLECTION which is functional category (IP) in which subject is base generated in Spec of IP where it is assignednominative case by the tense and agreement features of INFL. There are some types of evidencein Persian which show that the movement of subject is an example of topicalisation in which the subject moves to the Spec of CPoIt seems that this movement as an A-movement is not case-driven and therefore can not be considered as a Raising Transformation. An analysis of some Persian sentences in which subject movement takes place supports the fact that there is no Raising Verb in Persian. The position of Pro in persian embedded finite clauses also shows that the PRO theorem can not be maintained by generating it in Spec of VP.

This article describes INFLECTION in Persian. It is claimed that INFLECTION in Persian has not received enough attention, maybe because typologically, modern Persian is not an INFLECTIONal language. In this article, after introducing the topic, and presenting some of the important analyses of western linguists, and some of the studies conducted by Persian researchers, Persian int1ectional features are introduced and classified, using a continuum model. The article emphasizes that analyzing and explaining Persian data with the total reliance on the models and theories of western linguists may lead to unsatisfactory results.

This study aims to investigate verbs INFLECTION in Ghaen dialect, and doing the same, examines the existence of ergative-absulatlive case marking system in this dialect. The ergative structure is one of the features that has survived in some Iranian dialects (such as Kermanji, Taleshi, Tati, Baluchi, etc. ) while in others (such as Contemporary Farsi, Central and Southern Kurds, Lori, Mazandaran, Gilaki, etc. ), they have lost their role and replaced it with other types of case-marking systems, including nominative-accusative. The research data collection was conducted in the field and in the library method in the city of Ghaen which is located in the southern Khorasan between 33 to 34 degrees north latitude and 38 to 60 degrees east longitude. The data analysis showed that this dialect as one of the Iranian north –,eastern ones preserved a feature of semi-ergativity from middle era up to now.

As one of the most important and also the most challenging processes in morphology field, INFLECTION has been under scrutiny from different points of view. Construction Morphology (CM) as one of the subsequent approaches in morphology with a structural perspective attempts to establish a systematic relationship between form and meaning and in this regard it introduces a means to analyze miscellaneous morphological processes, including INFLECTION. The present study depicts the INFLECTIONal forms of verb in Sanandaji dialect of Kurdish in the Construction Morphology framework based on data taken from 1000 sentences, including 100 simple Sanandaji Kurdish verbs compiled by authors. What this paper copes with is the INFLECTIONal constructions analysis of simple verb in Kurdish using the constructional schemas. As a result, it is indicated in some cases by which there is no common basis between present and past stem of the verb, second-order schemas are capable of establishing such relationship properly.

Surveying the structure of NP in Persian, this study tries to show that most of NP constituents are either independent of each other or they are dependent to Determiner PHRASE (=DP). The researcher follows a uniform minimal analysis to illustrate the structural position of relevant constituents of DP, including Possessive PHRASE, Prepositional PHRASE and Quantifier PHRASE, under the tree diagram. The most important point of this study is the claim that NP is mostly one of the dependents of DP. Hence, the final section of the study deals with and analyzes the structure of DP in Persian. The DP analysis undertaken in this study has some advantages. It can explain the internal relevance of all DP constituents and provides them all with a uniform analysis. Likewise, the semantic importance of Persian genitive marker and its role in parsing are borne out.

For many centuries the linguists have almost always studied morphology. But with the advent of Transformational Grammar , syntactic studies and the structure of sentences have earned maximum importance, therefore Sentence was the focus of study until 70s , and from then on , little by little linguists have begun to study the structure of NP, and they have found many similarities between NPs , VPs and sentences . The idea of this similarity has led to many comparative studies. The Empty Category is one of the arguments discussed in sentence structure and pro /PRO is one of these empty categories. This article intends to indicate the existence of pro/PRO in NPs . Comparing Persian and Italian languages we find the same control properties in sentences.

In Persian, the verb is classified based on different points of view. An important classification is based on the structure and components of a verb.Grammarians have introduced at least two kinds of verb: simple and complex. Some grammarians, however, have enumerated a variety verb types. Phrasal verb is a kind of verb being formed of at least three parts, named on the basis of structure. It has one single meaning. In recent decades, this kind of verb is called phrasal verb by some grammarians, while others have rejected this kind of verb or have not named it at all. This article first discusses the views on the classification of verb; then it focuses on the history of designation of phrasal verb, on its record in ancient texts, on its structure and kind, on its functions, and finally on the similarities and differences between phrasal verb and complement. Finally, part of the article introduces an almost complete list of phrasal verbs.

Text tokenization is the process of tokenizing text to meaningful tokens such as words, PHRASEs, sentences, etc. Tokenization of syntactical PHRASEs named as chunking is an important preprocessing needed in many applications such as machine translation information retrieval, text to speech, etc. In this paper chunking of Farsi texts is done using statistical and learning methods and the grammatical characteristics of Farsi texts. Many features and labeling methods are examined one by one and the best features and labeling techniques are used for the detection of syntactic PHRASEs and their boundaries. Several machine learning techniques including Support Vector Machine and Conditional Random Fields are used as classifier in our experiments. The impact of the size of training texts on chunking performance was studied as well. Using the proposed methods in this paper, a performance of 84.02% was obtained for detection of PHRASE boundaries and 78.04% for detection of both PHRASE boundaries and PHRASE type.